Introduction
A cable is a thick wire or a parallel of wires inside a rubber or plastics insulation. Cable is the medium through which information or energy usually moves from one device to the other in the form of electronic signals or electricity respectively. There are several types of cables that a network will use one type of cable or a variety of cable types. The cable types chosen depend upon the network’s topology, protocol, and size. The types of cables used in networks are:
1. Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) Cable
UTP Cable has four pairs of wires inside the jacket insulation, twisted with a different number of turns. The tighter the twists, the higher the transmission rate and the greater the cost per length. UTP is used for telephone-grade to an extremely high-speed connection.
2. Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) Cable
STP Cable is twisted pair of cables that are insulated in foils for insulation to radio and electrical frequency interference. Shielded cables can help in extending the maximum distance of twisted-pair cables. This cable type is available in three configurations-
- Each pair is individually insulated with foil.
- A foil or braid shield covers the wire group altogether.
- A shield covers each wire as well as around the entire group of wires.
3. Coaxial Cable
It has a single copper conductor at its center, shielded by metal braids and insulating with plastic against signal interference. There are two types of coaxial cables, thick and thin coaxial. Both cables are used for network devices with different connection lengths. The thick coaxial cable is an extra coated coaxial cable for running at greater lengths, preventing breakage.
4. Fiber Optic Cable
It consists of a center glass or plastic fiber core surrounded by many layers of protective materials. The core is strengthened by Kevlar fibers and then cushioned by a plastic coating. It transmits signals over a longer distance than a coaxial and twisted pair, broadening communication possibilities. There are two common types of fiber cables, that is single-mode and multimode. Both cables provide high bandwidth at high speed but multimode cable has a larger diameter making the single-mode more efficient for long-distance transmission.
Also Read: Most Successful 2023 Electric Cable Manufacturing Companies in India
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List of the top ten quality Cables manufacturers, suppliers, and exporters in India
There are a variety of cables available in the market whose fabrication is specific to the factory’s specialized production units. Therefore, not specifying the details on the types of cables manufactured, supplied, and exported by each company, here is the general list and a brief introduction of the top ten cable companies in India.
i. Polycab India Limited
Polycab India Limited is one of the leading cable manufacturers that are engaged in manufacturing and delivering wires and cables and other electrical goods under the brand name, “POLYCAB”. The company was incorporated in 1996 in Mumbai and has 23 production facilities and a supply chain of 4600 authorized distributors and 2 lakhs, retailers. It shares a 24% market share and growth in cables and wire sales, earned from domestic distribution and overseas exports to 60 countries.
ii. Finolex Cables Limited
The retail business of Finolex Cables Limited became quite successful after a sizeable order in the mid-1950s from the Defence Department for wire harnesses for trucks and tanks, which bolstered the company’s confidence to manufacture cables. It was in 1972, that this enterprise turned into a limited company. The company, along with wire and cables also supplies electrical appliances, optical fiber, water heaters, and LED lighting. Finolex Cables has set up four modern state-of-the-art plants, located in Pimpri (Pune), Urse (Pune), Roorkee (Uttarakhand), and Goa. Finolex products are exported from 9 Indian ports to New York and Dubai for supplying in those geographical regions.
iii. Havells India Ltd.
The company was commenced in 1958 and acquired the brand “Havells” in 1971. It is presently a leading Fast Moving Electrical Goods (FMEG) company in India. Havells spans a market dominance across a wide range of products including Motors, Luminaires for Domestic, Industrial & Domestic Circuit Protection Devices, Fans, Electric Water Heaters, Modular Switches, Home Appliances, and so on. The supply chain in the country includes 500 plus Havells Galaxies and 39 branches. They are one of the top cable companies in India where the company has 13 manufacturing facilities that cater to the demand across 14000 dealer networks and export to more than 60 countries.
iv. RR Global
It was in the early 1980s, that RR Global was incorporated with a winding wire factory in Silvassa. The company is among the desired choice for wires and cable supply in India and across the globe. In India, the manufacturing plants are located at Silvassa and Waghodia. The export of brand “RR Kabel” wire and cables exists for over 80 countries. RR Global also has factories and offices in the UAE and Bangladesh. The sales of RR Kabel products contribute Rs. 1600 crores revenue to the parent company, RR Global.
v. Sterlite Technologies Limited
Sterlite Technologies Limited (STL) is an Indian multinational technology company and a pioneer in developing, manufacturing, and supplying new generation wireless connectivity, optical networking, software, and services. Being one of the best and most reputed cable manufacturers, it has a strong presence in over 150 countries in the world. It has five innovation centers for research and development and 636 patents in glass science, precision manufacturing, virtualized network software, and more. The company generated 42% of revenue from outside India for which the export revenue for the financial year 2021 was Rs. 2033 crores.
vi. Diamond Power Infrastructure Ltd. (DPIL)
Diamond Power Infrastructure Ltd. (DPIL) started their manufacturing facility in 1970. It has now proved to be India’s largest and integrated supplier and maker of power transmission equipment with a product portfolio that includes power & control cables, flexible wires & cables, transformers, conductors, and transmission towers. The countries where DCIL exports its products are Tanzania, New Zealand, Tajikistan, Zimbabwe, Israel, Sri Lanka, and Bangladesh.
vii. Universal Cables Ltd.
Universal Cables Ltd. is an M P Birla Group company established in 1962, specializing in manufacturing Paper-insulated lead-covered (PILC) cables. The company is located in Satna, Madhya Pradesh. They are one of the leading cable companies where the products fabricated and supplied cover a broad range of cables, conductors, and capacitors. The PILC is in demand for underground cabling in Mining, Power, Steel, Refineries, Railways, and other heavy industries. The international market extends exports of its cables to 24 countries in the Middle East, Far Eastern Asia, Africa, Europe, and India’s neighboring countries.
viii. KEI Industries Ltd.
Established in 1968 as a partnership firm, KEI Industries Ltd. offers a wide range of various cabling solutions. The company manufactures and supplies world-class Medium Voltage (MV), Extra-High Voltage (EHV), Low Voltage (LV) power cables, and other domestic wires as well as industrial cables. Having channel partners of 15000 in the country and overseas, the company can cater to the wire and cable domestic demand along with exporting to more than 50 countries. There are over 38 branch offices and 21 warehouses located across the country.
ix. RPG Cables
RPG Cables, a subsidiary of RPG Group is one of the top cable companies in India. Since its inception in 1959, it has supplied 28 million kilometers of conducting cables. It started its operation at Thane, Maharashtra and now it is actively involved in cable export to Sri Lanka, Bhutan, Zimbabwe, Malaysia, Jordan, Russia, Bangladesh, Mauritius, Zambia, Uganda, and other 40 countries. The state-of-the-art facility at Vadodara can produce 3600 km per annum of cables.
x. Gupta Power Infrastructure Limited
They are another one of the leading cable manufacturers in India. Gupta Power Infrastructure Limited has been embracing advanced technologies, designing modern equipment at its production facilities, in-house laboratory, and R&D division since its inception in 1961. It is one of the leading manufacturers and suppliers of conductors specializing in Wire and cables, optical fiber cables, wire rods, solar power set-up and LED lighting under the brand “Rhino”. The company’s domestic clients include L&T, SAIL, TATA, NTPC, Bajaj Electricals Ltd, and other power giants. Gupta Power also introduced a complete range of end-to-end terrestrial Optical Fibre Cables in 2017. It is recognized with a Two Star Export House Status under the Ministry of Commerce, Govt. of India for its export roster of clients spanning Latin America, Asia, South America, Italy, Southeast Asia, Egypt, Romania, and the Middle East.
Conclusion
A cable is a thick wire or a parallel of wires insulated by rubber and plastic. It is the medium through which electronic signals or electricity are transmitted from one device to another. The main types of cables are twisted pair, coaxial cable, and optical fiber cable.
FAQs: Cables
Q. How is twisting affecting the transmission rate of twisted pair cables?
Ans. The greater the number of turns, the better the interference resistance and transmission rate through twisted-pair cables.
Q. What is the difference between twisted pair cable and coaxial cable?
Ans. The transmission of signals occurs through an inner conductor in a coaxial cable through the metallic conducting wires in a twisted pair cable.
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